Cumberland County area

Population and density of Cumberland County

The Census Bureau estimates that 10,208 people lived in Cumberland County on July 1, 2025. That ranks #2,466 of 3,222 county equivalents nationally and #87 of 102 in Illinois. Since the April 1, 2020 estimates base of 10,450, the population has declined by 242 (−2.3%), compared with −0.8% for Illinois as a whole.

With 345.9 square miles of land, that is 30 people per square mile (11 per km²), placing Cumberland County #2,021 nationally for density and #74 in Illinois. The median county equivalent has 47 people per square mile; the Illinois median is 44. Put another way, there are about 22 acres of land per resident.

U.S. Census Bureau, Vintage 2025 population estimates. Estimates are revised each year and are not decennial census counts. Density divides the whole population by the whole county’s land area, so it describes an average, not how settlement is distributed within the county. Population sources and methods.

Cities and towns in Cumberland County

6 incorporated places lie at least partly in Cumberland County. Together they are home to 4,037 people (39.5%); the other 6,171 (60.5%) live outside any incorporated place, in unincorporated communities and rural areas.

The largest is Neoga city, with 1,369 residents in the county. The county seat, Toledo village, has 1,140 residents. By land, Casey city is the largest at 2.621 mi² across all its counties.

Population: U.S. Census Bureau Vintage 2025 subcounty estimates, counting only the part of each place inside Cumberland County. Land: 2026 Census Gazetteer, for the whole place even where it extends into other counties. How communities are listed.

Metropolitan area

Cumberland County is an outlying county of the Effingham, IL Micropolitan Statistical Area. Its 2 county equivalents have 44,727 residents on 824.7 square miles of land; Cumberland County accounts for 41.9% of the land and 22.8% of the residents. By combined land it ranks #254 of 542 micropolitan areas, and #276 by population.

ZIP codes

12 ZIP Code Tabulation Areas have land in Cumberland County; 5 of them have most of their land inside the county, and the others mainly cover neighboring areas.

619386242062428624326243662440624456244762462624676246862469

ZIP Code Tabulation Areas are the Census Bureau’s approximations of USPS ZIP Code service areas, from the 2020 Census relationship files. Lighter codes have less than half of their land in this county. Post-office-box and single-address ZIP Codes have no tabulation area.

Counties bordering Cumberland County

Cumberland County shares a land border with 5 county equivalents. Each of them has more land than Cumberland County. The largest neighbor is Shelby County (758.5 mi²) and the smallest is Effingham County (478.8 mi²). Together with its neighbors, Cumberland County forms a block of 3,087.5 mi² of land, of which it holds 11.2%.

How big is Cumberland County compared with U.S. states?

Cumberland County has less land than any of the 50 states. Rhode Island, the smallest state by land area, has 1,033.9 mi², about 3 times as much. Illinois’s county land could hold about 160 areas the size of Cumberland County.

Another way to picture it: the same land area would fill a square about 18.6 miles (29.9 km) on each side. Real county shapes are rarely square, so this is a scale reference rather than a width or driving distance.

State figures are the sums of each state’s county-equivalent land measurements in the same Census release, so states and counties are compared on the same basis. Published state totals can differ slightly because of rounding. Compare all states · Counties bigger than entire states.

What stands out about Cumberland County?

Cumberland County has more land than 533 of the other 3,221 county equivalents in the dataset.

A median is the middle county-equivalent measurement, not the average of the largest and smallest. All three bars use the same linear scale. Very small areas may appear as a thin sliver; the labels retain their values.

Does including water change its rank?

Using land plus water places Cumberland County at #2,739 nationally by total area, 50 places farther from the top than its land rank. Other county equivalents gain more area when their water measurements are included.

Its water share is 0.3%, compared with a national county-equivalent median of 1.2% — 0.9 percentage points lower. This describes the statistical geography’s land/water mix, not flood exposure or developable land.

Closest positions in the national land ranking

These entries sit immediately beside Cumberland County in the national ranking. They can be in different states and are not necessarily geographic neighbors.

Calculated from the same Census release as the area table. Total-area order uses original ALAND + AWATER; water shares and chart labels use published square miles. Calculation details.