Orange County area

Population and density of Orange County

The Census Bureau estimates that 417,669 people lived in Orange County on July 1, 2025. That ranks #184 of 3,222 county equivalents nationally and #12 of 62 in New York. Since the April 1, 2020 estimates base of 401,312, the population has grown by 16,357 (+4.1%), compared with −1% for New York as a whole.

With 812.1 square miles of land, that is 514 people per square mile (199 per km²), placing Orange County #333 nationally for density and #15 in New York. The median county equivalent has 47 people per square mile; the New York median is 112. Put another way, there are about 1.2 acres of land per resident.

U.S. Census Bureau, Vintage 2025 population estimates. Estimates are revised each year and are not decennial census counts. Density divides the whole population by the whole county’s land area, so it describes an average, not how settlement is distributed within the county. Population sources and methods.

Cities and towns in Orange County

Orange County is divided into 24 cities and towns. In New York, county subdivisions are local governments, and together they cover all of the county’s land and residents.

The most populous is Palm Tree town, with 47,147 residents (11.3% of the county). The largest by land is Warwick town, at 101.3 mi², or 12.5% of the county’s land. The county seat, Goshen town, has 14,525 residents. Among those with at least 1,000 residents in 2020, Palm Tree town grew fastest since then (+43.1%).

Population: U.S. Census Bureau Vintage 2025 subcounty estimates, counting only the part of each subdivision inside Orange County. Land: 2026 Census Gazetteer. How communities are listed.

Metropolitan area

Orange County is a central county of the Kiryas Joel-Poughkeepsie-Newburgh, NY Metropolitan Statistical Area. Its 2 county equivalents have 718,377 residents on 1,607.7 square miles of land; Orange County accounts for 50.5% of the land and 58.1% of the residents. By combined land it ranks #203 of 393 metropolitan areas, and #85 by population. It belongs to the New York-Newark, NY-NJ-CT-PA Combined Statistical Area.

ZIP codes

52 ZIP Code Tabulation Areas have land in Orange County; 46 of them have most of their land inside the county, and the others mainly cover neighboring areas.

10910109141091510916109171091810919109211092210924109251092610928109301093210933109401094110950109531095810963109691097310974109751097910985109871098810990109921099610998125181252012542125431254912550125531256612575125771258612589127211272912746127711278012785

ZIP Code Tabulation Areas are the Census Bureau’s approximations of USPS ZIP Code service areas, from the 2020 Census relationship files. Lighter codes have less than half of their land in this county. Post-office-box and single-address ZIP Codes have no tabulation area.

Counties bordering Orange County

Orange County shares a land border with 8 county equivalents, including 3 in New Jersey and Pennsylvania. It has more land than 6 of them. The largest neighbor is Ulster County (1,124.2 mi²) and the smallest is Rockland County (173.7 mi²). Together with its neighbors, Orange County forms a block of 5,353.5 mi² of land, of which it holds 15.2%.

How big is Orange County compared with U.S. states?

Orange County has less land than any of the 50 states. Rhode Island, the smallest state by land area, has 1,033.9 mi², about 1.3 times as much. New York’s county land could hold about 58 areas the size of Orange County.

Another way to picture it: the same land area would fill a square about 28.5 miles (45.9 km) on each side. Real county shapes are rarely square, so this is a scale reference rather than a width or driving distance.

State figures are the sums of each state’s county-equivalent land measurements in the same Census release, so states and counties are compared on the same basis. Published state totals can differ slightly because of rounding. Compare all states · Counties bigger than entire states.

What stands out about Orange County?

Orange County has more land than 2,180 of the other 3,221 county equivalents in the dataset.

A median is the middle county-equivalent measurement, not the average of the largest and smallest. All three bars use the same linear scale. Very small areas may appear as a thin sliver; the labels retain their values.

Does including water change its rank?

Using land plus water places Orange County at #1,102 nationally by total area, 60 places farther from the top than its land rank. Other county equivalents gain more area when their water measurements are included.

Its water share is 3.1%, compared with a national county-equivalent median of 1.2% — 2 percentage points higher. This describes the statistical geography’s land/water mix, not flood exposure or developable land.

Closest positions in the national land ranking

These entries sit immediately beside Orange County in the national ranking. They can be in different states and are not necessarily geographic neighbors.

Calculated from the same Census release as the area table. Total-area order uses original ALAND + AWATER; water shares and chart labels use published square miles. Calculation details.