NM · 2026 Census Gazetteer

New Mexico counties by area

Official, comparable measurements for 33 counties and county equivalents.

Source fields preservedGEOID · ALAND · AWATER
County equivalents33
Combined land121,313.2 mi²
Combined water280.1 mi²
Largest by landCatron County

Understanding New Mexico’s county areas

The land-area range runs from Los Alamos County at 109.1 mi² to Catron County at 6,924.2 mi². The largest has 63.5 times the land area of the smallest and accounts for 5.7% of the combined county land in New Mexico.

The median county-equivalent land area is 3,758 mi², above the national median of 604.5 mi². The median describes the middle of the county size distribution; it does not describe how people or development are distributed. A state with a few very large counties can have a much smaller median than its largest entry suggests.

Where water changes the picture

Sierra County has the most assigned water area, at 57 mi². It also has the highest water share, with water making up 1.3% of its total area. Water area and water percentage answer different questions: the first measures an amount, while the second measures the mix of land and water.

Across all 33 entries, water accounts for 0.2% of the combined total area. This is calculated from the summed land and water measurements, rather than averaging county percentages, which would give each small and large county equal weight.

Compare the largest and smallest county equivalents in New Mexico to see land, water, and total area on the same scale.

These calculations use the 2026 Census county records listed below. County-equivalent boundaries vary between states; area alone does not measure population, density, or usable land. See coverage and calculation rules.

Complete area table

Sorted from largest to smallest land area.

#County / equivalentLandWaterWater share
1Catron CountyGEOID 350036,924.2 mi²5.5 mi²0.1%
2Socorro CountyGEOID 350536,646.4 mi²1.9 mi²0%
3Otero CountyGEOID 350356,612.6 mi²14.3 mi²0.2%
4Chaves CountyGEOID 350056,067.2 mi²7.9 mi²0.1%
5Rio Arriba CountyGEOID 350395,860.9 mi²35.3 mi²0.6%
6San Juan CountyGEOID 350455,517.2 mi²21.2 mi²0.4%
7McKinley CountyGEOID 350315,451.1 mi²4.9 mi²0.1%
8Lincoln CountyGEOID 350274,831.1 mi²0.2 mi²0%
9San Miguel CountyGEOID 350474,721.5 mi²19.8 mi²0.4%
10Cibola CountyGEOID 350064,540 mi²2.1 mi²0%
11Lea CountyGEOID 350254,391.6 mi²3.1 mi²0.1%
12Sierra CountyGEOID 350514,181.2 mi²57 mi²1.3%
13Eddy CountyGEOID 350154,176.3 mi²21.8 mi²0.5%
14Grant CountyGEOID 350173,961.2 mi²5.9 mi²0.1%
15Union CountyGEOID 350593,825.1 mi²6 mi²0.2%
16Doña Ana CountyGEOID 350133,808.2 mi²6.8 mi²0.2%
17Colfax CountyGEOID 350073,758 mi²10.2 mi²0.3%
18Sandoval CountyGEOID 350433,710.2 mi²4.2 mi²0.1%
19Hidalgo CountyGEOID 350233,438.6 mi²9.1 mi²0.3%
20Torrance CountyGEOID 350573,345.2 mi²0.9 mi²0%
21Guadalupe CountyGEOID 350193,029.8 mi²1.1 mi²0%
22Luna CountyGEOID 350292,965.2 mi²0.2 mi²0%
23Quay CountyGEOID 350372,874 mi²7.2 mi²0.2%
24Roosevelt CountyGEOID 350412,446.1 mi²7.2 mi²0.3%
25De Baca CountyGEOID 350112,323.1 mi²11.2 mi²0.5%
26Taos CountyGEOID 350552,202.4 mi²1.3 mi²0.1%
27Harding CountyGEOID 350212,125.5 mi²0.4 mi²0%
28Mora CountyGEOID 350331,926.3 mi²2.3 mi²0.1%
29Santa Fe CountyGEOID 350491,910.4 mi²1 mi²0.1%
30Curry CountyGEOID 350091,405.5 mi²3.1 mi²0.2%
31Bernalillo CountyGEOID 350011,161.7 mi²5.7 mi²0.5%
32Valencia CountyGEOID 350611,066.7 mi²1.1 mi²0.1%
33Los Alamos CountyGEOID 35028109.1 mi²0.1 mi²0.1%
How to read this table. Land and water areas are Census statistical measurements in square miles. Adding county rows can differ slightly from separately published state totals because of rounding and geographic treatment.